Nano-oxides immobilize cadmium, lead, and zinc in mine spoils and contaminated soils facilitating plant growth

Nanoparticles with high reactivity can be applied as amendments to remediate soil metal contaminations by immobilizing toxic elements. Nano-oxides of Fe have been studied but Al and Ti nano-oxides not tested for their remediation capacity metals. The potential synthesized iron (Fe-O), aluminum (Al-O), titanium (Ti-O) stabilizing Cd, Pb, Zn in mine spoil (Chat) contaminated was compared using adsorption studies a greenhouse experiment. Chat were amended at two rates (25 50 g·kg ?1 ) pot experiment conducted sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Leachates collected twice per week from plant emergence harvest maturity metals against an unamended control. 84, 1583, 6154 mg·kg , 15, 1260, 3082 respectively. Adsorption conformed the Langmuir linear isotherm maxima order Al-O > Ti-O ? Fe-O. reduced Cd concentration 28% (Fe-O) 87% 14% 85% (Al-O) tissues Chat. significantly leachates available Chat/soil relative respective controls. used heavy facilitate growth under proper nutrient supplements. remediated more effectively than